What complication is a pregnant woman with preexisting hypertension at increased risk for?

• A. Eclampsia
• B. Preeclampsia
• C. Gestational diabetes
• D. Placental abruption

Answer: (B)

A pregnant woman with preexisting hypertension is at an increased risk for developing preeclampsia. This condition is characterized by the new onset of hypertension and typically occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy, along with signs of damage to other organ systems, often the kidneys. The presence of chronic hypertension can amplify the physiological changes that occur during pregnancy, leading to the development of preeclampsia.

Women with preexisting hypertension may have vascular changes that predispose them to an exaggerated response to the pregnancy hormones that can increase blood pressure. As a result, the risk of developing this serious complication is notably higher compared to women with normotensive pregnancies. Pre-eclampsia can have severe consequences for both the mother and the fetus if not appropriately managed.

While conditions like eclampsia, gestational diabetes, and placental abruption can occur in pregnancy, the direct and specific link between preexisting hypertension and the elevated risk of developing preeclampsia makes this the most relevant complication to highlight in this scenario.